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Of the different types of evidence offered for this longdistance interaction, metallurgy is the most convincing. While the origins of extractive metallurgy continue to be debated, it is clear that it evolved independently in more et al. 2010:

2775), with the Americas providing a particularly compelling example (Mapunda, 2013) outside of the Old World. However, metallurgy as a complex multi-stage technology was present prehistorically in only three regions of the Americas:(i) the Peruvian/Andean area,(ii) Colombia-Lower Central America, and (iii) West Mexico (Maldonado, 2012; West, 1994). The two phases of metalworking identified for West Mexico (Hosler, 1994: 45) both display remarkable influence from South America, notably Colombia in Phase One (roughly from 700-1100 CE) and the Andean/Pacific coast regions in Phase