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Image segmentation is a basic problem in computer vision and various image processing applications. Over the years, commonly used image segmentation has become quite challenging because of its utilization in many applications. Image thresholding is one of the most exploited techniques to accomplish image segmentation. Multilevel thresholding is found to be most appropriate and well known among all the image segmentation techniques. The segmented image quality is based on the techniques incorporated to choose the threshold value. In this paper, an exhaustive survey has been carried out, considering both the general purpose and satellite images to cover the performance comparison of various image segmentation approaches based on meta-heuristics optimization algorithms, present in the literature for multilevel image thresholding. In addition, this paper also focuses on information theoretic …