作者
Andrea Antal, Ivan Alekseichuk, Marom Bikson, Jürgen Brockmöller, André R Brunoni, Robert Chen, LG Cohen, G Dowthwaite, Jens Ellrich, A Flöel, F Fregni, Mark S George, Robin Hamilton, J Haueisen, Christoph S Herrmann, Friedhelm C Hummel, Jean-Pascal Lefaucheur, D Liebetanz, CK Loo, CD McCaig, Carlo Miniussi, PC Miranda, V Moliadze, Michael A Nitsche, R Nowak, Frank Padberg, Alvaro Pascual-Leone, W Poppendieck, Alberto Priori, Simona Rossi, Paolo Maria Rossini, J Rothwell, MA Rueger, G Ruffini, K Schellhorn, Hartwig R Siebner, Yoshikazu Ugawa, A Wexler, U Ziemann, Mark Hallett, Walter Paulus
发表日期
2017/9/1
来源
Clinical neurophysiology
卷号
128
期号
9
页码范围
1774-1809
出版商
Elsevier
简介
Low intensity transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) in humans, encompassing transcranial direct current (tDCS), transcutaneous spinal Direct Current Stimulation (tsDCS), transcranial alternating current (tACS), and transcranial random noise (tRNS) stimulation or their combinations, appears to be safe. No serious adverse events (SAEs) have been reported so far in over 18,000 sessions administered to healthy subjects, neurological and psychiatric patients, as summarized here. Moderate adverse events (AEs), as defined by the necessity to intervene, are rare, and include skin burns with tDCS due to suboptimal electrode-skin contact. Very rarely mania or hypomania was induced in patients with depression (11 documented cases), yet a causal relationship is difficult to prove because of the low incidence rate and limited numbers of subjects in controlled trials. Mild AEs (MAEs) include headache and fatigue …
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A Antal, I Alekseichuk, M Bikson, J Brockmöller… - Clinical neurophysiology, 2017