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The quest for the conservation of energy resources and production of energy systems that are more efficient have introduced the use of nanoparticles in heat transfer fluids. The study investigated the effect of Al₂O₃ nanoparticles on the working fluids of a vapour compression refrigeration system (VCRS) when used with refrigerant R134a. The nanorefrigerant was used in the vapour compression system without system retrofit. The system’s performance analyses were carried out via the freeze capacity tests and energy consumption analysis. The outcome showed that the performance of the Al₂O₃-dispersed nano-working fluid outperformed that of the conventional working fluid mixture. Specifically, the outcome demonstrated that the system with the nanorefrigerant achieved faster cooling, better performance and improved energy consumption. Thus, using Al₂O₃ nanoparticles in combination with the working fluids …