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Shared energy storage (SES) system can provide energy storage capacity leasing services for large-scale PV integrated 5G base stations (BSs), reducing the energy cost of 5G BS and achieving high efficiency utilization of energy storage capacity resources. However, the capacity planning and operation optimization of SES system involves the coordinated operation and cost sharing between SES system and large-scale 5G BSs, which is highly coupled and greatly increases the complexity of joint optimization. In this paper, a joint optimization method of SES system capacity planning and operation for large-scale PV integrated 5G BSs with energy storage planning requirements is proposed. First, a dynamic capacity leasing model of SES system is proposed with consideration of the power supply and load demand characteristics of large-scale 5G BSs. Second, a bi-level joint optimization problem is formulated to …