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This chapter is committed to give a comprehensive overview of the scalability problems of mobile Internet nowadays and to show how the concept of flat and ultra flat architectures emerges due to its suitability and applicability for the future Internet. It also aims to introduce the basic ideas and the main paradigms behind the different flat networking approaches trying to cope with the continuously growing traffic demands. The discussion of the above areas will guide the readers from the basics of flat mobile Internet architectures to the paradigm’s complex feature set and power creating a novel Internet architecture for future mobile communications.