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Most studies of visuo-spatial attention present stimuli on a 2D plane, and less is known about how attention varies in 3D space. Previous studies found better peripheral detection performance for targets at a near compared to a far depth, simulated by pictorial cues and optical flow. The current study examined whether target detectability is monotonically related to distance along the depth axis, and whether the attended distance modulates the effect of target distance. We investigated these questions in two experiments that measured how apparent distance and target eccentricity affects peripheral target detection when performed alone during passive simulated self-motion, or during a simultaneous, active central car-following task. Experiment 1 found that targets at an apparent distance of 18.5 virtual meters were detected faster and more accurately than targets at 9.25 and 37 virtual meters, and detectability …