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Delivery delay and communication costs are two conflicting design issues for mobile opportunistic networks with nonreplenishable energy resources. In this paper, we study the optimal data dissemination for resource constrained mobile opportunistic networks, i.e., the delay-constrained least-cost multicasting in mobile opportunistic networks. We formally formulate the problem and introduce a centralized heuristic algorithm which aims to discover a tree for multicasting, in order to meet the delay constraint and achieve low communication cost. While the above algorithm can be implemented by each individual node, it is intrinsically centralized (requiring global information) and, thus, impractical for real-world implementation. However, it offers useful insights for the development of a distributed scheme. The essence of the centralized approach is to first learn the probabilities to deliver the data along different paths to …