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In a survey of parole practices in 36 States, 27 of the States reported the widespread use of EBPs and many components of effective parole supervision. In addition, fundamental tools that support effective parole practices, such as risk/needs assessment and sanctioning grids and guidelines, also have widespread use. The survey found, however, that there is a common confusion about the definition of EBPs. Eleven of the 36 States indicated they were unsure about whether their parole office used EBPs. Similar confusion existed about the use of motivational interviewing and agency efforts to track recidivism. In addition, parole field offices in 10 States did not know whether parole recidivism was being tracked. This suggests that many States do not measure recidivism as a key outcome variable for assessing field office performance. Approaches for enhancing parolee motivation and engage the parolee's prosocial …