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Dementia is a clinical syndrome characterized by a progressive cognitive decline interfering with the function of activity of daily living in patients (1). Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are two prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders affecting different brain functions manifesting mostly with impaired communication and behavior (3). These disorders initiate in childhood but usually persist into adulthood (3, 4). These disorders might overlap with dementia symptoms, as they might share common genetic and environmental backgrounds (5‐7). ASD and ADHD in dementia patients may complicate the timely diagnosis of each disorder leading to more pronounced dysfunction. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate ASD and ADHD symptoms in dementia patients referred to a memory clinic in Iran.

We recruited 65 dementia patients in this study. Firstly …