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METHODS: A tissue microarray was constructed from paraffin-embedded clear cell (N= 340) and papillary (N= 42) RCC specimens from patients treated with nephrectomy. Immunohistochemistry was performed and the percentage of tumor cells expressing the marker was scored in 3 locations and averaged. The Kruskai-Wallis test was used to compare the expression of each marker between the two tumor histologies. Pearson correlation coefficients were determined to analyze the co-expression of the protein and receptors. Tumors were then categorized by percentage of tumor cells expressing the marker. Strong staining was defined as> 66% expression, where medium staining= 33-65% expression, light staining= 1-32% and no staining= 0% expression. RESULTS: Papillary RCC demonstrated a higher mean expression of VEGF-A (57.3% vs 37.0%, p= 7.6 xl0-5) and VEGFR-2 (49.3% vs 37.06%, p= l. 7xl0-5 …