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Cheiloneurus exitiosus was recorded as a hyperparasitoid of P. nudus parasitizing N. lugens collected from rice plants in a field in India during 2004. In the laboratory, C. exitiosus females preferred to oviposit in later instars of P. nudus larva through the larval sac. From a single P. nudus pupa, 4 hyperparasitoids emerged. The total life cycle of C. exitiosus lasted approximately 14 days (from egg laying until adult emergence). The hyperparasitoid spent nearly 2 days at the larval stage of P. nudus, whereas the remaining period was spent at the pupal stage. The adult took one minute and 55 seconds from the insertion of the ovipositor to withdrawal after egg laying. This process was repeated 3 times by the same adult in the same host but at different locations in the larval sac; the corresponding duration for subsequent ovipositions was one minute and 10, 55 and 20 seconds, respectively. The male and female adult parasitoids survived for 10 and 14 days, respectively, and the sex ratio was either 1: 3 or 2: 2. The hyperparasitism of P. nudus by C. exitiosus is thought to be a first record for Asia.