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This investigation demonstrates the nonlinear saturable absorption of cerium oxide (CeO₂) nanoparticles; a lanthanide allotrope oxide material and its employment as a saturable absorber (SA) for the generation of stable mode-locked pulsed fiber laser. The CeO₂ nanoparticles were simply prepared by sonicating its bulk solution and incorporating a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymer to form a thin film nanocomposite on tapered optical fiber for the fabrication of CeO₂/PDMS-SA. The nonlinear intensity-dependent transmission characteristic of this material was confirmed with a modulation depth of 0.66% and saturation intensity of 77 MW/cm². The SA was integrated into an erbium-doped fiber laser cavity, where mode-locking operation self-started at 35 mW pump power with stable soliton operation up to 250 mW in net anomalous dispersion regime. The pulse laser centered at 1561 nm wavelength with a …