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Resveratrol, a natural phytoalexin found in grapes and red wine [1], increases longevity in the short-lived invertebrates Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila [2–5] and exerts a variety of biological effects in vertebrates, including protection from ischemia and neurotoxicity [6–10]. Its effects on vertebrate lifespan were not yet known. The relatively long lifespan of mice, which live at least 2.5 years [11], is a hurdle for life-long pharmacological trials. Here, the authors used the short-lived seasonal fish Nothobranchius furzeri with a maximum recorded lifespan of 13 weeks in captivity [12, 13]. Short lifespan in this species is not the result of spontaneous or targeted genetic mutations [14], but a natural trait correlated with the necessity to breed in an ephemeral habitat and tied with accelerated development and expression of ageing biomarkers at a cellular level [12, 13]. Resveratrol was added to the food starting in early …