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A meta-analysis for response to treatment was undertaken using individual data of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) (resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin) patients from 26 centres. The analysis assessed the impact of additional resistance to fluoroquinolones and/or second-line injectable drugs on treatment outcome.

Compared with treatment failure, relapse and death, treatment success was higher in MDR-TB patients infected with strains without additional resistance (n=4763; 64%, 95% CI 57–72%) or with resistance to second-line injectable drugs only (n=1130; 56%, 95% CI 45–66%), than in those having resistance to fluoroquinolones alone (n=426; 48%, 95% CI 36–60%) or to fluoroquinolones plus second-line injectable drugs (extensively drug resistant (XDR)-TB) (n=405; 40%, 95% CI 27–53%). In XDR-TB patients, treatment success was highest if at least six drugs were used in the intensive phase …