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The current study was carried out to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) via bioactive fraction of Pinus roxburghii needles using a simple, cost-effective, and eco-friendly green chemistry method. As butanol fraction of P. roxburghii exhibited maximum anticancer activity on lung adenocarcinomas (A549) as compared to other fractions therefore, butanol fraction was used to synthesize silver nanoparticles (PNb–AgNPs). The characterization studies by UV–Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) confirmed the synthesis of the nanoparticles. The field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) analysis showed the spherical structure of nanoparticles with an average diameter of …