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Power grids include entities such as home-microgrids (H-MGs), consumers, and retailers, each of which has a unique and sometimes contradictory objective compared with others while exchanging electricity and heat with other H-MGs. Therefore, there is the need for a smart structure to handle the new situation. This paper proposes a bilevel hierarchical structure for designing and planning distributed energy resources (DERs) and energy storage in H-MGs by considering the demand response (DR). In general, the upper-level structure is based on H-MG generation competition to maximize their individual and/or group income in the process of forming a coalition with other H-MGs. The upper-level problem is decomposed into a set of low-level market clearing problems. Both electricity and heat markets are simultaneously modeled in this paper. DERs, including wind turbines (WTs), combined heat and power (CHP …