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AlN has been identified as a potential grain refiner for magnesium alloys using the edge-to-edge matching calculations. Experimental results indicate that the maximum grain refining efficiency of AlN in Mg–Al alloys occurs in samples cast from a melt temperature of 765°C. Under these conditions, an addition of 0.5wt% AlN reduces the grain size of Mg–3wt% Al alloy from 450 to 120μm. No further reduction is observed when more AlN is added to the melt.