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Anti-B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has been shown to have activity in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Reports have suggested that a small subgroup of less differentiated myeloma clones express CD19 and anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy has shown activity in some of these patients. We aimed to assess the activity and safety of a combination of humanised anti-CD19 and anti-BCMA CAR T cells in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.

We did a single-centre, single-arm, phase 2 trial at the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University in China. Patients were eligible if they were aged 18–69 years, had histologically confirmed multiple myeloma, a Karnofsky Performance Score of 50 points or more, and met the International Myeloma Working Group diagnostic criteria for relapsed or refractory disease …