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Electrochemical proton storage plays an essential role in designing next‐generation high‐rate energy storage devices, e.g., aqueous batteries. Two‐dimensional conjugated covalent organic frameworks (2D c‐COFs) are promising electrode materials, but their competitive proton and metal‐ion insertion mechanisms remain elusive, and proton storage in COFs is rarely explored. Here, we report a perinone‐based poly(benzimidazobenzophenanthroline) (BBL)‐ladder‐type 2D c‐COF for fast proton storage in both a mild aqueous Zn‐ion electrolyte and strong acid. We unveil that the discharged C−O⁻ groups exhibit largely reduced basicity due to the considerable π‐delocalization in perinone, thus affording the 2D c‐COF a unique affinity for protons with fast kinetics. As a consequence, the 2D c‐COF electrode presents an outstanding rate capability of up to 200 A g⁻¹ (over 2500 C), surpassing the state‐of‐the …