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Industry 4.0 is changing disruptively all the industrial processes from their base, and metrology is being challenged by this new ‘wave’ of rethinking industry. Therefore, new quality control systems are being conceived for measurement purposes, as well as being installed in factories, which represents a huge management challenge, towards handling and processing a large amount of data, as well as developing the required theory for metrology assessment. In this paper, three examples of machine vision systems are presented, which are used to highlight some of the main issues that metrology must deal within this new paradigm. As a main conclusion, every company needs to design its own roadmap towards implementing the adequate methods and processes to be properly adapted and aligned with this new generation of metrology-related systems.