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No matter in traditional hydraulic mechanical or newly numerical controlling system, pressure differential valve (PDV) always plays an important role in main fuel oil system and thrust augmentation fuel system. A throughout study on PDV is required to gain a more precise control and effective design for aero engine. Therefore, this paper presents a PDV and establishes the mathematical model to analyze its working characteristics, which shows that PDV performance is greatly affected by return oil inlet orifice and spring stiffness. The simulation and experiment are carried out to analyze the effect of PDV performance on system outlet volume flow rate and their results agree well with a maximum error of approximately 5 %. According to the study, it is found that there is a maximum increase of 9.99 % in system volume flow rate with pump rotating velocity from 300 to 900 rpm, but a maximum decrease of 3.4 % with outlet …