查看文章

Sequencing studies have deciphered the genetic landscape of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) paving novel therapeutic avenues in recent years. 1, 2 Frequent 9p24. 1 copy number gains, the genetic locus of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2, were detected and suggestive of immune evasion via activation of PD-1 signaling. 1 Systemic nivolumab, a monoclonal PD-1 antibody, was hence evaluated in a small retrospective PCNSL cohort yielding promising long-term responses. 3 Intracranial efficacy of systemically administered monoclonal antibodies may however be impeded by an intact blood-brain barrier (BBB) resulting in lower cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) penetration. To bypass the BBB and reduce systemic toxicities, intraventricular/intrathecal immunochemotherapy is being investigated. Intrathecal nivolumab combined with its systemic administration was …