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Background: Our aim, within the collaborative study SPHERE (Strengthening Public Health Research in Europe), was to produce a bibliometric overview of public health research literature for Europe. Methods: A search strategy (‘filter’) was designed to interrogate the Science Citation Index (SCI) and the Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) databases for research articles published between 01/01/1995 and 31/12/2004 in any language. We analysed output for country by population, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), burden of disease using DALYs, and language. Results: Overlap between the two databases SCI and SSCI was 35%. 210 433 publications were identified after duplicates were removed, a world total of about 20 000 per year. Approximately 7000 papers per year were produced in Europe and 9400 by the USA. Thirteen of 28 individual European countries produced more than 100 public health …