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Lafuente evaluates the determinants of countries’ total factor productivity in a nonparametric model that integrates differences in technology choices. The author finds that, for both OECD and non-OECD countries, technical change and total factor productivity growth are associated with higher rates of capital deepening. Results also indicate that the countries’ technology choices (biased technical change) have a direct impact on productivity results. Public policies promoting economic growth should consider the national system of entrepreneurship as a critical priority, so that entrepreneurs can contribute more effectively to allocate resources in the economy.