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A comparative analysis is presented of the architectural and functional design of e-learning delivery platforms and applications, e-learning course authoring tools, and learning management systems (LMSs), with a view of assessing how their functionality meets the requirements of a comprehensive e-learning Virtual University Information System (VUIS). The reference model used as a basis for the comparative analysis is the Layer 3 (system components) of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Learning Technology Standards Committee's (LTSC) P1484.1/D9, 2001-11-30 Draft Standard for Learning Technology—Learning Technology Systems Architecture (LTSA) (chap. 20), with some modified version thereof. The modification proposed is considered appropriate and necessary so as to more accurately reflect the architectural and functional attributes of existing products and also to better …