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Natural hazards have been resulting in severe damage to our cities, and flooding is one of the most disastrous in the U.S and worldwide. Therefore, it is critical to develop efficient methods for risk and damage assessments after natural hazards, such as flood depth estimation. Existing works primarily leverage photos and images capturing flood scenes to estimate flood depth using traditional computer vision and machine learning techniques. However, the advancement of deep learning (DL) methods make it possible to estimate flood depth more accurate. Therefore, based on state-of-the-art DL technique (i.e., Mask R-CNN) and publicly available images from the Internet, this study aims to investigate and improve the flood depth estimation. Specifically, human objects are detected and segmented from flooded images to infer the floodwater depth. This study provides a new framework to extract critical information …