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Due to the increasing global population and the growing demand for food worldwide as well as changes in weather conditions and the availability of water, artificial intelligence (AI) such as expert systems, natural language processing, speech recognition, and machine vision have changed not only the quantity but also the quality of work in the agricultural sector. Researchers and scientists are now moving toward the utilization of new IoT technologies in smart farming to help farmers use AI technology in the development of improved seeds, crop protection, and fertilizers. This will improve farmers’ profitability and the overall economy of the country. AI is emerging in three major categories in agriculture, namely soil and crop monitoring, predictive analytics, and agricultural robotics. In this regard, farmers are increasingly adopting the use of sensors and soil sampling to gather data to be used by farm management …