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Coenzyme Q (Q) is an obligatory component of both respiratory chain and uncoupling proteins. Also, Q acts as an antioxidant in cellular membranes. Several neurodegenerative diseases are associated with modifications of Q₁₀ levels. For these reasons, therapies based on Q supplementation in the diet are currently studied in order to mitigate the symptoms of these diseases. However, the incorporation of exogenous Q also affects aging process in nematodes probably affecting reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The aim of the present work is to clarify if supplementation with both Q₁₀ and Q₆ isoforms affects mitochondrial Q₁₀ content, respiratory chain activity and ROS levels in human cells. Cells incorporated exogenously added Q₁₀ and Q₆ isoforms into mitochondria that produced changes in mitochondrial activity depending on the side chain length. Supplementation with Q₁₀, but not with Q₆ …