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Ischemic postconditioning (IPost) is a strategy to provide protection against ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury. The cardioprotective effects of IPost in cases of ischemic heart disease along with co-morbidities like hyperthyroidism remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of IPost on expression of eNOS, iNOS, Bax, and Bcl-2 genes in hyperthyroid male rats, subjected to myocardial IR. Hyperthyroidism was induced by adding thyroxine to drinking water for a period of 21 days. Using the Langendorff device hearts were perfused, then subjected to a 30-minute global ischemia which was followed by 120 min of reperfusion; subsequently IPost was induced immediately after ischemia. Results indicated that following IR, expression of eNOS and Bcl-2 decreased, whereas expression of iNOS and Bax increased in both the control and hyperthyroid groups. In hyperthyroid animals, IPost significantly …