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Background— We compared the therapeutic potential of purified mobilized human CD34⁺ cells with that of mobilized total mononuclear cells (tMNCs) for the preservation/recovery of myocardial tissue integrity and function after myocardial infarction (MI).

Methods and Results— CD34⁺ cells were purified from peripheral blood tMNCs of healthy volunteers by magnetic cell sorting after a 5-day administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), 5×10⁵ CD34⁺ cells/kg, 5×10⁵ tMNCs/kg (low-dose MNCs [loMNCs]), or a higher dose of tMNCs (hiMNCs) containing 5×10⁵ CD34⁺ cells/kg was transplanted intramyocardially 10 minutes after the induction of MI in athymic nude rats. Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed that moderate to severe hemorrhagic MI on day 3 was more frequent in the hiMNC group than in the PBS and CD34⁺ cell groups. Immunostaining for human …