作者
Joanna E Long, Mark T Drayson, Angela E Taylor, Kai M Toellner, Janet M Lord, Anna C Phillips
发表日期
2016/5/23
期刊
Vaccine
卷号
34
期号
24
页码范围
2679-2685
出版商
Elsevier
简介
Objectives
Older adults are less able to produce a protective antibody response to vaccinations. One factor that contributes to this is immune ageing. Here we examined whether diurnal variations in immune responses might extend to the antibody response to vaccination.
Design
We utilised a cluster-randomised trial design.
Setting
24 General Practices (GPs) across the West Midlands, UK who were assigned to morning (9–11 am; 15 surgeries) or afternoon (3–5 pm; 9 surgeries) vaccination times for the annual UK influenza vaccination programme.
Participants
276 adults (aged 65+ years and without a current infection or immune disorder or taking immunosuppressant medication).
Interventions
Participants were vaccinated in the morning or afternoon between 2011 and 2013.
Main outcome measures
The primary outcome was the change in antibody titres to the three vaccine influenza strains from pre-vaccination to one …
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