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Network Function Virtualization (NFV) has the potential to offer service delivery flexibility and reduce overall costs by running service function chains (SFCs) on commodity servers with many cores. Existing solutions for placing SFCs in one server treat all CPU cores as equal and allocate isolated CPU cores to different network functions (NFs). However, advanced servers often adopt Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) architecture to improve the scalability of many-core systems. CPU cores are grouped into nodes, incurring performance bottleneck due to cross-node memory access and intra-node resource contention. Our evaluation shows that randomly selecting cores to place NFs in an SFC could suffer from 39.2% lower throughput comparing to an optimal placement solution. In this paper, we propose Octans, an NFV orchestrator to achieve maximum aggregate throughput of all SFCs in many-core systems …