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Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) has recently become an available tumour biomarker for detecting ovarian cancer along with the standard cancer antigen 125 (CA125). However, it is unknown if the levels of HE4 and CA125 may be altered in subjects who have impaired renal function with no ovarian disorders.

In 113 female patients at different stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) with no ovarian and lung cancer and 68 subjects with normal renal and ovarian function, HE4 and CA125 concentrations were analysed by using chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (Architect^®, Abbott) and electrochemiluminescent immunoassay (Modular E170^®, Roche), respectively. Renal function was evaluated by measuring serum creatinine and urea concentrations (Cobas Integra-800^®, Roche). Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR in mL/min/1.73 m²) was calculated by the 4v-MDRD …