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Bangladesh is experiencing a severe shortage of land as a result of its developing economy and burgeoning population. The coal exploitation sector in Bangladesh, notwithstanding its substantial industrial significance, exerts detrimental environmental impacts. The degradation of soil quality due to coal mining activities is a matter of concern in the Barapukuria Coal Mining Area (BCMA). This research aims to assess the fertility of the soil and the level of metal contamination in surface soil across three types of land use; soil near drainage areas, agricultural land irrigated with mine water and regular farmland. In May 2023, soil samples were sent to the Soil Resource Development Institute (SRDI) in Khulna for analysis. The concentrations of metals found in the surface soil near drainage areas are as follows: Copper (3.67 µg/g), Zinc (9.09 µg/g), Lead (1.08 µg/g), Cadmium (0.261 µg/g), and Iron (75.70 µg/g). These concentrations are within limits the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) and the Environment Agency (EA) set. Furthermore, both regular field and coal water-treated soil showed moderate acidity levels. The coal water-treated soil exhibited higher organic content compared to regular farmland. The Mn, Fe, and S levels showed an increase in the soil treated with coal water compared to the soil found in regular fields. The regular field soil had high levels of Cu and Mg, while Ca remained within the range. On the other hand, concentrations of K and P were relatively low. Conversely, the coal water-treated soil exhibited high Zn, Ca, Mg, and Cu concentrations, a low concentration of P, and a moderate amount of K. According to the study …