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Background:  Refractive errors are a common eye problem. Considering the low number of population‐based studies in Iran in this regard, we decided to determine the prevalence rates of myopia and hyperopia in a population in Mashhad, Iran.

Design:  Cross‐sectional population‐based study.

Participants:  Random cluster sampling. Of 4453 selected individuals from the urban population of Mashhad, 70.4% participated.

Methods:  Refractive error was determined using manifest (age >15 years) and cycloplegic refraction (age ≤15 years). Myopia was defined as a spherical equivalent of −0.5 diopter or worse. An spherical equivalent of +0.5 diopter or worse for non‐cycloplegic refraction and an spherical equivalent of +2 diopter or worse for cycloplegic refraction was used to define hyperopia.

Main Outcome Measures:  Prevalence of refractive errors.

Results:  The prevalence of myopia and …