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A multi-objective optimal design scheme for tolerance combination based on improved NSGA-II algorithm is established to reduce the production cost, standardize the tolerance design and improve the qualification rate of the rear cover of a product. The production cost function and quality loss function are used as the objective function, and the genetic algorithm with elite strategy and improved genetic variation factor is used to optimize the simulation of the assembly tolerance combination and obtain the optimal Pareto solution set. The results of the tolerance combination show that the optimized assembly tolerance combination is used to reduce both production cost and quality loss cost.