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This paper investigates the effect of demographic factors on the achievement of secondary school students in the Punjab. The demographic factors of the students that are considered in the study were gender (male/female), urban/rural, family size and income level. The study was conducted in Punjab, 30 boys and 30 girl’s secondary schools were selected and from each 15 urban and 15 rural schools were selected. The sample of student consisted of 25 male and 25 female from each secondary school. The instruments used for data collection were questionnaires and results of SSC examination 2007. The researcher visited all the sampled secondary schools and collected the data. It was tabulated, analyzed and interpreted by using SPSS software version 16 for chi-square, Pearson’s correlation and T-test techniques. The major conclusions of the study drawn from the analysis of data were:(i) Female students excelled from the male students.(ii). Students of urban secondary schools secured more positions in SSC examination 2007 than rural secondary schools in the Punjab.(iii) The number of students passed in the SSC annual examination 2007 of urban secondary schools was better than the rural secondary schools.(iv). Family size affected the achievement of the students.(v). Financial pressure left disappointing effects on the performance of hard up learners. All the null hypotheses of the study were rejected showing that the demographic factors have significant relationship with the students’ achievement.