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The ideas presented in this study were developed over an interval of several years, and during this gestation period, a number of individuals, often indirectly, and sometimes unwittingly, sparked off fertile trains of thought. I am particularly grateful to Dr. Julian Wolpert, both in this context, and for his introduction to Philadelphia and its inner city. The continuing support and considerable freedom allowed by Dr. Peter Gould, my thesis adviser, permitted the appearance of any innovativeness this study might contain. Dr. Roger Downs was helpful as a critical referee, not least for his suggestions in the compilation of the community questionnaire. Thanks are due to several fellow graduates at The Pennsylvania State University, especially Roman Cybriwsky. In Philadelphia I am grateful to professionals working for the Planning Commission, the Youth Conservation Service, and the School Board, all of whom granted me …