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The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) System F6 (Future, Fast, Flexible, Fractionated, Free-Flying) Program has the long-term objective of demonstrating that, in certain mission contexts, fractionated spacecraft are a desirable alternative to monolithic spacecraft. Conceptually, fractionated spacecraft consist of physically independent,“free-flying” modules that collaborate on-orbit to achieve a certain level of systemwide performance or functionality. During Phase I of the System F6 Program, four major aerospace companies developed computer-based simulation models, referred to as valuecentric design methodology (VCDM) tools, to quantitatively compare the risk-adjusted, net value of comparable monolithic and fractionated spacecraft. This research effort seeks to further learning from the four VCDM tools through two independent investigations, both focused on developing key …