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Tanzania is a tropical country in the East Africa region that has experienced the impacts of flooding for more than a decade. Hundreds of people have lost their lives and lifeline infrastructures such as roads and water systems were damaged. Failure of water supply systems (WSSs) during floods has shown grave consequences to Tanzanians. The failure could be in the form of systems breakdown or water contamination. System breakdown leaves the majority without access to safe water as bottled water is costly and nearly unaffordable to poor populations. Given that less than 85% have access to conventional water supply services delivered by the Water Supply and Sanitation Authorities (WSSAs), a good number is still relying on unimproved water systems, posing a worry due to use of contamination-prone water. Such situations underline the need for improving the Tanzania water supply systems’ resilience to better prepare for future risks of flooding. However, resilience can be improved when there is the ability to measure it. Thus, the current study developed a multi-dimensional qualitative resilience measurement tool for the country’s water supply systems. The study applied an expert’s judgement elicitation through five stages—variables pre-assessment, variables pretesting, tool development using Delphi survey, final tool evaluation, and validation. The tool has five dimensions—technical, organizational, social, economic, and environmental, addressing the diverse resilience issues in the water supply systems. Each dimension contains principles, indicators, measures, and assessment scales. When evaluated in selected Tanzania water …