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Waveform design, multiple access, and random access techniques for fifth-generation (5G) wireless networks and beyond are cutting-edge research topics that motivate a very wide range of research problems. Despite being different, these three areas are intertwined and lie at the heart of wireless communication systems. They allow multiple users to effectively share a communication medium. The previous generations of cellular networks have adopted radically different multiple access techniques with one common theme in mind: to have orthogonal signals for different users at the receiver side. As an example, the fourth-generation (4G) cellular networks have adopted orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). In view of emerging applications such as the Internet of Things (IoT), and in order to fulfill the need for massive numbers of connections with diverse requirements in terms of latency and …