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Nutritional state (e.g. fasted vs. fed) and different food stimuli (e.g. high‐calorie vs. low‐calorie, or appetizing vs. bland foods) are both recognized to change activity in brain reward systems. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we have studied the interaction between nutritional state and different food stimuli on brain food reward systems. We examined how blood oxygen level‐dependent activity within a priori regions of interest varied while viewing pictures of high‐calorie and low‐calorie foods. Pictures of non‐food household objects were included as control stimuli. During scanning, subjects rated the appeal of each picture. Twenty non‐obese healthy adults [body mass index 22.1 ± 0.5 kg/m² (mean ± SEM), age range 19–35 years, 10 male] were scanned on two separate mornings between 11:00 and 12:00 h, once after eating a filling breakfast (‘fed’: 1.6 ± 0.1 h since breakfast), and once …