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In healthy organisms, inflammation is the first line of defense against infections and other damage. Monocytes and macrophages are key players of this process. Since a deregulation of the activity of these cells is at the basis of several pathological conditions, elucidating the molecular mechanisms of monocyte/macrophage activation represents a major step to study inflammatory disorders and, eventually, develop new therapeutic strategies. However, these mechanisms and their interplay during monocyte/macrophage activation and M1/M2 polarization remain poorly characterized. Here we report the application of computational methods to reconstruct gene regulatory networks and decipher transcriptional modules in an in vitro model of physiological inflammation. Specifically, gene expression profiles of human blood monocytes, from normal healthy donors and exposed to combinations of factors reproducing …