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Context: Erythrocytosis is a dose-limiting adverse effect of testosterone therapy, especially in older men.

Objective: Our objective was to compare the dose-related changes in hemoglobin and hematocrit in young and older men and determine whether age-related differences in erythropoietic response to testosterone can be explained by changes in erythropoietin and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) levels.

Design: We conducted a secondary analysis of data from a testosterone dose-response study in young and older men who received long-acting GnRH agonist monthly plus one of five weekly doses of testosterone enanthate (25, 50, 125, 300, or 600 mg im) for 20 wk.

Setting: The study took place at a General Clinical Research Center.

Participants: Participants included 60 older men aged 60–75 yr and 61 young men aged 19–35 yr.

Outcome …