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Failure to rescue (FTR) was first defined in 1992 in a landmark article by Silber and colleagues as the rate of mortality among patients with a complication. 1 The FTR rate is calculated among a particular group of patients using the number of patients with a complication as the denominator and the number of deaths following a complication as the numerator. Since this initial study, FTR has been studied in other surgical populations such as hepatic surgery, 2–4 thoracic surgery, 5–7 colorectal surgery, 8–10 esophagectomy, 11–13 pancreatic surgery, 14, 15 bariatric surgery, 16 and pediatric surgery, 17 as well as in nonsurgical disciplines including obstetrics18 and patients with acute myocardial infarction. 19 Until now, FTR has been applied only minimally to trauma and acute care surgery, though some have begun to apply and adapt the metric. 20–25

Failure to rescue offers two main advantages as an outcome …