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The activities of prokaryotes are pivotal in shaping the environment, and at the same time are greatly influenced by the environment. By using the genomic data and environmental descriptions of the complete prokaryotic genomes in NCBI's Microbial Genome Project Database and applying statistical methods, we have identified in a systematic manner those gene groups whose presence/frequency patterns are different for organisms of different environmental conditions. Here environmental conditions are characterized in four dimensions – salinity, oxygen requirement, habitat and temperature, and are based on the controlled vocabularies that NCBI's Microbial Genome Project database uses to specify the organism information; and, gene groups are determined as Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG) and KEGG Orthology (KO) groups. These identified COG and KO groups are considered as potentially correlated …