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The concept of viral vector-based vaccine was introduced in 1972 by Jackson et al and in 1982 Moss et al introduced the use of vaccinia virus as a transient gene expression vector. The technology has been used to make Ebola vaccines and now COVID-19 vaccines. There are two types of viral vector-based vaccines ie. replicating and non-replicating. Non-replicating viral vector-based vaccines use replication-deficient viral vectors to deliver genetic material of a particular antigen to the host cell to induce immunity against the desired antigen. Replicating vector vaccines produce new viral particles in the cells they enter, which then go on to enter more new cells which will also make the vaccine antigen. Non-replicating vector-based vaccines are more commonly utilized. Adenovirus, vesicular stomatitis virus, vaccinia virus, adenovirus associated virus, retrovirus, lentivirus, cytomegalovirus, and sendai virus have …