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Recently, the transition from conventional to renewable energy sources (RESs), from internal combustion engine vehicles to electric vehicles (EVs), and from the main grid to microgrids (MGs) are essential goals to both reduce greenhouse gas emissions and ensure the stability of power systems. However, the transitions cause new concerns in the grid including technical challenges and financial viability. This study examines the RES-based MG under realistic conditions considering the uncertainty in fleet size of EVs, emergency generator capacity, solar irradiation, and wind speed in island mode. The work aims to provide effective solutions including conventional methods alongside today’s trend namely doubly fed electrical generators (DFIG), vehicle-to-grid mechanism (V2G), maximum power point tracking controller (MPPT), voltage source inverter (VSI) with high switching frequency for technical challenges, and …