查看文章

A gateway event [35] is a change to a system that leads to the possibility of huge increases in kinds and levels of complexity. It opens up a whole new kind of phase space to the system’s dynamics. Gateway events during evolution of life on earth include the appearance of eukaryotes (organisms with a cell nucleus), an oxygen atmosphere, multi-cellular organisms and grass. Gateway events during the development of mathematics include each invention of a new class of numbers (negative, irrational, imaginary,...), and dropping Euclid’s parallel postulate. A gateway event produces a profound and fundamental change to the system: Once through the gateway, life is never the same again. We are currently poised on the threshold of a significant gateway event in computation: That of breaking free from many of our current “classical computational” assumptions. Our Grand Challenge for computer science is to journey …